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Mischocyttarus drewseni
''Mischocyttarus drewseni'', which is sometimes spelled "drewsenii", is a social wasp in the Vespidae family.〔 It is commonly found in Neotropical regions of South America, including Brazil, Peru, Venezuela, Colombia and Paraguay. This mid-sized wasp is about 1.5-1.8 cm and is typically dark brown or black in color. This species makes their nests out of woody plant fibers and create single combed nests with hexagonal cells which are typically found in low lying grass habitats or semi-urban environments.〔〔 The colony cycle for this species is initiated by the queen who starts building the nest cell by cell. The nest construction process is highly elaborate and involves foraging for materials, creating cells, and heightening cell walls. It feeds on arthropods, plant nectar, and honeydew, and the species is very protective of its brood when it comes to defending them from their predators. The life cycle of this species has several stages with varying lengths, including egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages. As a social wasp species, there are several castes within the colony and different castes perform different specialized jobs with differing dominance and reproductive behaviors.〔Jeanne, R. L. (1972). "Social biology of the neotropical wasp Mischocyttarus drewseni", ''Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology'', 1972.〕
==Taxonomy and phylogeny==
''M. drewseni'' is a member of the Vespidae family, which is broken down into four subfamilies: Paper Wasps (subfamily: Polistinae), Pollen Wasps (subfamily: Masarinae), Potter and Mason Wasps (subfamily: Eumeninae), and Yellow Jackets (subfamily: Vespinae).〔Goulet, Herni and Huber, John T. "Hymenoptera of the world: An identification guide to families", Ottawa, 1993. ISBN 0660149338.〕 Within the Vespidae family, ''M. drewseni'' belongs to the subfamily Polistinae which is typically found in tropical regions and comprises 25 genera. Within the Polistinae is the tribe Epiponini containing many genera, all of which, including ''M. drewseni'', are found in the new world. The asymmetrical tarsal lobes of the genus ''Mischocyttarus'' separates it from other Epiponini. ''Mischocyttarus'' larvae also have distinct first thoracic spiracles. The genus ''Mischocyttarus'' is the largest genus of social wasps. In fact, there are 186 species in this genus.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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